news 18.5.2025

Cyber attacks may call for government-level decision-making: Finland steps up shared expertise through national cyber exercises

Over 120 government officials developed their technical and collaborative skills in the National Cyber Exercise (KYHA), which was widely praised for its exceptionally good quality. The second KYHA in 2025 took place from 12 to 16 May at the Institute of Information Technology at the Jamk University of Applied Sciences (Jamk).

KYHA is a technical-operational cyber exercise that prepares government organizations for difficult and large-scale cyber security incidents.

"Since 2011, Jamk has implemented development activities worth nearly EUR 25 million targeting the expertise and technical environment needed in cyber exercises. The outcome is drawn on nationally and internationally. The “KYHA” exercises are the prime example of this package", says Tero Kokkonen, Director of Jamk's Institute of Information Technology.

"The advantage with such technical and operational exercises is that they make visible the whole and interdependencies. During an exercise, a given situation can be directed towards the point where the required tasks no longer remain the responsibility of an individual public authority, and decision-making might then escalate up to government level. These are some of the processes that can be practised during a joint cyber exercise", says Rauli Paananen, National Cyber Security Director at the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland.

Tero Kokkonen and Rauli Paananen

Tero Kokkonen, Director at Institute of Information Technology at Jamk University of Applied Sciences (left) and Rauli Paananen, National Cyber Security Director at Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland, emphasize the importance of cyber exercises from the perspective of cooperation.

National cyber exercises are key in competence development

A national cyber exercise is organized annually for the Finnish state administration organizations. Valtori participates in the exercise in a cross-cutting role every year. Valtori always contributes to the areas of communication, incident management, and security.

“The national cyber exercise has great importance for us. We play a central role in dealing with deviations because Valtori produces information technology services for most central government agencies. Incidents are discussed and managed within a cooperation network between different authorities, and during the exercise in question we also held regular meetings to share situational awareness and to consider the measures”, says CSO at Valtori Jani Mattila, who participated in the exercise.

“Different kinds of expertise and experience can be gained by involving new people and new roles in the exercise. Through experience, the situation can be taken forward in real life as planned”, he adds.

Valtori reports that participation in the exercise receives positive feedback from their personnel, and this is in line with the feedback collected from the participants. In the feedback gathered in 2021–2024, the total score for the overall success of the national cyber exercises was 3.7 on a scale of 1–4.

Crisis communications as part of technical and operational cyber exercises

National cyber exercises are developed annually to correspond to the expertise required by threats and the related legislation and guidelines. For instance, the most recent government KYHA exercise used the National Cyber Security Centre's (Traficom) of Finland recent crisis communication guidelines for organizations, published at the beginning of 2025, for communication processes.

"When organisations prepare for different types of disruptions, communications must be one of the areas to be practised regularly. No organisation can refrain from communicating in the event of a cyber attack. Effective incident management and successful communications in all situations are based on clear instructions, roles and responsibilities. Without these exercises, we cannot ensure that the practices and operational plans are functional and up to date", says Jussi Toivanen, Head of Communications at Traficom's National Cyber Security Centre, who participated in the exercise.

The national cyber exercises are organized by JYVSECTEC (Jyväskylä Security Technology), a research, development and training center located at Jamk University of Applied Sciences' Institute of Information Technology, in cooperation with the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland. The Security Committee of Finland also participates in the implementation of the exercises in a guiding role.

Additional information from:

Rauli Paananen, National Cyber Security Director, Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland

[email protected]

Tel. 0295 342 212

Tero Kokkonen, Director, Institute of Information Technology, Jamk University of Applied Sciences

[email protected]

Tel. 050 4385 317